How different attributes are weighted in professionals' decision-making in Pediatric Dentistry-a protocol for guiding discrete choice experiment focused on shortening the evidence-based practice implementation for dental care.

BACKGROUND: Important evidence has been constantly produced and needs to be converted into practice. Professional consumption of such evidence may be a barrier to its implementation. Then, effective implementation of evidence-based interventions in clinical practice leans on the understanding of how professionals value attributes when choosing between options for dental care, permitting to guide this implementation process by maximizing strengthens and minimizing barriers related to that. METHODS: This is part of a broader project investigating the potential of incorporating scientific evidence into clinical practice and public policy recommendations and guidelines, identifying strengths and barriers in such an implementation process. The present research protocol comprises a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) from the Brazilian oral health professionals' perspective, aiming to assess how different factors are associated with professional decision-making in dental care, including the role of scientific evidence. Different choice sets will be developed, either focusing on understanding the role of scientific evidence in the professional decision-making process or on understanding specific attributes associated with different interventions recently tested in randomized clinical trials and available as newly produced scientific evidence to be used in clinical practice. DISCUSSION: Translating research into practice usually requires time and effort. Shortening this process may be useful for faster incorporation into clinical practice and beneficial to the population. Understanding the context and professionals' decision-making preferences is crucial to designing more effective implementation and/or educational initiatives. Ultimately, we expect to design an efficient implementation strategy that overcomes threats and potential opportunities identified during the DCEs, creating a customized structure for dental professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://osf.io/bhncv .

Orthodontics in the oral health care network of the Unified Health System (SUS).

This observational study aimed to describe and analyze data from two external evaluations of the National Program for Improving Access to and Quality of Dental Specialty Centers (PMAQ CEO), held in 2014 and 2018 in Brazil, which evaluated Dental Specialty Centers (CEO) using a national and census approach. We selected questions through a search in the microdata of the first and second evaluations. The groups were analyzed independently. To compare the groups, nonparametric tests were performed (Mann Whitney U). The formulated hypotheses were: there would be no differences between the data of these groups (h0) and there would be differences between the data of these groups (h1). For qualitative nominal variables, frequency distribution was verified and association tests were performed (chi-square test). The significance level for this study was set at 5%. We observed that orthodontic treatments were found in about 13% of the CEO. Regarding human resources, most professionals were specialists or had MSc or PhD degrees; were civil servants; had been hired by direct administration; or had been hired via public tender. Regarding the work process and inclusion of the CEO in the health care network, we observed a greater number of services that use single and electronic medical records, greater presence of services monitoring and analyzing goals, greater knowledge about monthly average of absenteeism (for 2018); and larger number of services with referrals from primary health care centers (for 2014). Expanding the view on orthodontics and including preventive, interceptive, and corrective treatments at different points in health care networks are essential strategies for achieving comprehensive care in universal health systems.

Orthodontics in the oral health care network of the Unified Health System (SUS)

Abstract This observational study aimed to describe and analyze data from two external evaluations of the National Program for Improving Access to and Quality of Dental Specialty Centers (PMAQ CEO), held in 2014 and 2018 in Brazil, which evaluated Dental Specialty Centers (CEO) using a national and census approach. We selected questions through a search in the microdata of the first and second evaluations. The groups were analyzed independently. To compare the groups, nonparametric tests were performed (Mann Whitney U). The formulated hypotheses were: there would be no differences between the data of these groups (h0) and there would be differences between the data of these groups (h1). For qualitative nominal variables, frequency distribution was verified and association tests were performed (chi-square test). The significance level for this study was set at 5%. We observed that orthodontic treatments were found in about 13% of the CEO. Regarding human resources, most professionals were specialists or had MSc or PhD degrees; were civil servants; had been hired by direct administration; or had been hired via public tender. Regarding the work process and inclusion of the CEO in the health care network, we observed a greater number of services that use single and electronic medical records, greater presence of services monitoring and analyzing goals, greater knowledge about monthly average of absenteeism (for 2018); and larger number of services with referrals from primary health care centers (for 2014). Expanding the view on orthodontics and including preventive, interceptive, and corrective treatments at different points in health care networks are essential strategies for achieving comprehensive care in universal health systems.

Geographic Distribution of Brazilian Dentists: Motivation and Perception for Migration / Distribuição Geográfica dos Dentistas Brasileiros: Motivação e Percepção para a Migração

The Human Resources for Health (HRH) are considered as being crucial for the organization of the health systems and for the population health conditions; in this context, the purpose of this work is 1) to identify the current geographic distribution situation of Brazilian dentists, 2) to identify and analyze the perception and motivations of Brazilian dentists who migrated to the interior of the country. A case study approach was used and the data were collected from different sources (Federal Council of Dentistry, Health Graduation Indicators System, Geocapes, Brazilian National Institute of Geography and Statistics) using the mixed method, from the quantitative-qualitative exploratory sequential model, the qualitative phase was analyzed by using the "grounded theory" approach. The findings point out that the county has a great stock of dentists and that it significantly increased in recent years; however, it is poorly distributed over the territory, particularly when the differences between the interior and the capitals of the country are analyzed. The main category of the grounded theory was "The opportunities changing the ways to consolidate the professional"; the interviews point out that the dentists' place of birth and the opportunities over their professional career were crucial to determine the distribution of dentists throughout the Brazilian territory. It's concluded that Brazil has a dentistry workforce stock; however, it faces the results of the lack of HRH regulation policies which include dentistry. Such reality enhances the health gaps in some country regions and market saturation in major urban centers.(AU)

Os Recursos Humanos em Saúde (RHS) são considerados fundamentais para a organização dos sistemas de saúde e para as condições de saúde de uma população, nesse contexto o objetivo desse trabalho é 1) identificar a situação atual da distribuição geográfica de dentistas brasileiros 2) identificar e analisar a percepção e motivações de dentistas brasileiros que migraram para o interior do país. Foi utilizada a abordagem de estudo de caso e os dados foram coletados a partir de diferentes fontes (Conselho Federal de Odontologia, Sistema de Indicadores das Graduações em Saúde, Geocapes, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), utilizando o método misto, a partir do modelo exploratório sequencial quantitativo-qualitativo, a fase qualitativa foi analisada por meio da abordagem da "teoria fundamentada". Os achados apontam que o país apresenta um grande estoque de dentista, e que houve uma grande expansão nos últimos anos, no entanto este apresenta-se mal distribuídos pelo território, principalmente quando analisado as diferenças entre o interior e as capitais do país. A categoria central da teoria fundamentada foi "As oportunidades mudando os caminhos para consolidar o profissional", as entrevistas apontam que o local de nascimento dos dentistas e as oportunidades durante sua trajetória profissional foram decisivas para determinar a distribuição de dentistas no território brasileiro. Conclui-se, que o Brasil apresenta estoque de força de trabalho em odontologia, porém enfrenta os resultados da falta de políticas de regulação de RHS, que inclua a odontologia. Essa realidade acentua os vazios sanitários em algumas regiões do país e saturação do mercado nos grandes centros.(AU)

Analysis of Oral Health Indicators in the Municipalities of the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista ­ SP / Análise dos Indicadores de Saúde Bucal dos Municípios da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista ­ SP

The Ministry of Health, in recent decades, has been recommending that health system administrators incorporate the use of indicators in the assessment and monitoring of oral health care. In 2013, the Ministry of Health Policy Guidelines, Objectives, Goals and Indicators (2013-2015) proposed three indicators on oral health. The objective of this research was to collect and analyze the indicators on oral health and health expenditures of the municipalities that constitute the Baixada Santista - SP from 2009 to 2020. The indicators were collected and analyzed, correlating the data and IDH-M of each county, using the Pearson correlation test, with a significance level of 95 %. The cities of Bertioga and Cubatão were the ones that invested the most in health, despite not necessarily having the best indicators in oral health. A strong positive correlation was found between the "IDH-M" and the "average of the collective action of supervised toothbrushing", and a moderate positive correlation between the "average expenditures /inhabitants" and the "ESB coverage in AB", as well as between the "percentage of expenditure on health" and the "proportion of tooth extractions in relation to procedures". It is concluded that the oral health indicators, as well as the health expenditure indicators are important tools mechanisms which can be used in the development of public policies in oral health, supporting strategic planning of oral health actions. (AU)

O Ministério da Saúde, nas últimas décadas, vem recomendando que gestores do sistema de saúde incorporem o uso de indicadores na avaliação e no monitoramento da atenção em saúde bucal. Em 2013, o Caderno de Diretrizes, Objetivos, Metas e Indicadores do Ministério da Saúde propôs três indicadores em saúde bucal. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi coletar e analisar os indicadores em saúde bucal e gastos com saúde dos municípios da Baixada Santista ­ SP entre 2009 a 2020. Foram coletados e analisados os indicadores relacionando-os entre si e com o IDH-M por meio do teste de correlação de Pearson, com nível de significância de 95%. Os Municípios de Bertioga e Cubatão foram os que mais investiram em saúde apesar de não apresentarem os melhores indicadores em saúde bucal. Foi encontrada uma correlação forte positiva entre o "IDH-M" e a "média da ação coletiva de escovação dental supervisionada", e uma correlação moderada positiva entre a "média de gastos/habitantes" e a "cobertura da ESB na AB", bem como entre o "percentual de gastos em saúde" e a "proporção exodontia em relação aos procedimentos". Conclui-se que os indicadores em saúde bucal, bem como os indicadores de gastos em saúde são importantes instrumentos que podem ser utilizados na formulação de políticas públicas em saúde bucal, subsidiando o planejamento estratégico das ações de saúde bucal. (AU)

The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of mandaçaia (melipona quadrifasciata) geopropolis varies more due to region than month of collection.

Stingless bees are responsible for pollinating up to 90% of Brazilian flora, so their study is of commercial and ecological importance. Stingless bees mix plant resins with wax and soil, forming geopropolis. Studies of the variability in composition and activity due to species, place and season of collection are lacking. Yield, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity (via DPPH) of the extracts of fifteen M. quadrifasciata (Mandaçaia) geopropolis samples collected over a year in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, as well as two samples from different regions of the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil were compared. Composition was determined by ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, identifying 16 compounds. The month and region of collection affected the available plant resins and influenced their yield, composition and antioxidant capacity. Depending on the place of collection, M. quadrifasciata geopropolis is a promising natural source of antioxidant phenolic compounds.

Brazilian Oral health teams in primary care and oral cancer: Results of a national evaluation.

Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Brazil. An understanding of how public policies are implemented to address this problem can contribute to the construction of solutions. The "Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade" (PMAQ-AB and PMAQ-CEO) at the level of primary and secondary care are evaluations that also collect data on prevention and monitoring strategies for oral cancer. This study aimed to analyze the results of the incorporation of oral health teams to evaluate the strategies adopted by Brazil regarding the impact on the diagnosis of oral cancer. Of the 17,202 family health teams evaluated, 72.10% had oral health teams (OHT). Considering the strategies for prevention, screening, campaign, and follow-up of suspected cases, 72.27% of the campaign teams and 59.09% of the teams who accompanied suspected cases had OHT. In secondary care, more than 65% of the teams in the Southeast and South regions registered cases of oral cancer, and the referral network was more represented. The inclusion of OHT had a positive impact on campaign actions, follow-up, referral to specialists, and registration of suspected cases throughout Brazil.

Brazilian Oral health teams in primary care and oral cancer: Results of a national evaluation

Abstract Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Brazil. An understanding of how public policies are implemented to address this problem can contribute to the construction of solutions. The "Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade" (PMAQ-AB and PMAQ-CEO) at the level of primary and secondary care are evaluations that also collect data on prevention and monitoring strategies for oral cancer. This study aimed to analyze the results of the incorporation of oral health teams to evaluate the strategies adopted by Brazil regarding the impact on the diagnosis of oral cancer. Of the 17,202 family health teams evaluated, 72.10% had oral health teams (OHT). Considering the strategies for prevention, screening, campaign, and follow-up of suspected cases, 72.27% of the campaign teams and 59.09% of the teams who accompanied suspected cases had OHT. In secondary care, more than 65% of the teams in the Southeast and South regions registered cases of oral cancer, and the referral network was more represented. The inclusion of OHT had a positive impact on campaign actions, follow-up, referral to specialists, and registration of suspected cases throughout Brazil.

Association between Oral Health Literacy and Socioeconomic Variables in Users of Centers for Dental Specialties

ABSTRACT Objective: To test possible associations between Oral Health Literacy (OHL) level and socioeconomic covariates among users of Centers for Dental Specialties (CEOs). Material and Methods: The Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14) instrument was applied to 130 adult users of CEOs located in 13 municipalities in the state of São Paulo - Brazil, as well as socioeconomic issues. The researcher applied instruments in a specific room after randomly selecting individuals in the waiting room and invitation acceptance. Each item was ranked on a 5-point scale, ranging from 0 to 4, in which high scores indicate minimal difficulties in performing functions (high OHL) and low scores indicate very limited abilities to perform functions (low OHL). Statistical analysis using the Levene test was used to verify the possibility of using the one-way ANOVA test, and in case results show positive values (p>0.05), the Kruskal Wallis test was used. Results: The average age of participants was 45 years, with more than half being female (68.7%) with 9-11 years of schooling (48.4%). When considering the total value of HeLD-14 questions, OHL was associated with covariates schooling, marital status and family income. Conclusion: OHL levels were associated with socioeconomic variables, contributing to evidence in this field of specialized care.

Contribuições da Psicanálise Existencial à Prática Clínica: Indicações Teóricas e Metodológicas / Contributions of Existential Psychoanalysis to Clinical Practice: Theoretical and Methodological Indications / Contribuciones del Psicoanálisis Existencial a la Práctica Clínica: Indicaciones Teóricas y Metodológicas

Tem-se como objetivo desse artigo aportar contribuições teóricas e metodológicas da psicanálise existencial à prática clínica a partir do existencialismo e da fenomenologia de Jean-Paul Sartre. Em um primeiro momento, esboçaremos os contornos principais da psicanálise existencial em comparação com a perspectiva freudiana, focando nos conceitos de desejo, projeto, repressão e situação, sustentando a psicanálise existencial como uma clínica de situações. Em um momento seguinte, nos dedicamos à exposição de um caso clínico, com a finalidade de tornar mais concreta as contribuições metodológicas do método progressivo-regressivo e da reflexão purificadora. Buscaremos mostrar, nesse sentido, a pertinência de uma perspectiva metodológica que alcance o vivido singular, atravessado pelas múltiplas formas de violências do universo social produtoras de situações traumáticas, bem como as possibilidades de metamorfose do projeto existencial. Em nossas considerações finais, destacamos os desafios de uma prática clínica em se ocupar da dialética entre o universo social, no qual recrudescem formas de violência, e a singularidade do projeto existencial em luta contra suas determinações e desejoso por transformar-se. (AU)

The aim of this article is to contribute theoretical and methodological contributions from existential psychoanalysis to clinical practice based on Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialism and phenomenology. At first, we will lay out the main outlines of existential psychoanalysis in comparison with the Freudian perspective, focusing on the concepts of desire, project, repression and situation, supporting existential psychoanalysis as a clinic of situations. Subsequently, we dedicate ourselves to the presentation of a clinical case, in order to make the methodological contributions of the progressive-regressive method and purifying reflection more concrete. We will try to show, in this sense, the pertinence of a methodological perspective that reaches the singular lived, crossed by the multiple forms of violence of the social universe that produce traumatic situations, as well as the possibilities of metamorphosis of the existential project. In our final remarks, we highlight the challenges of a clinical practice in dealing with the dialectic between the social universe, in which forms of violence increase, and the uniqueness of the existential project in the fight against its determinations and eager to transform itself. (AU)

El objetivo de este artículo es aportar contribuciones teóricas y metodológicas desde el psicoanálisis existencial a la práctica clínica a partir del existencialismo y fenomenología de Jean-Paul Sartre. En primer lugar, trazaremos los principales trazos del psicoanálisis existencial en comparación con la perspectiva freudiana, centrándonos en los conceptos de deseo, proyecto, represión y situación, apoyando el psicoanálisis existencial como clínica de situaciones. En un momento siguiente, nos dedicamos a la presentación de un caso clínico, con el fin de concretar los aportes metodológicos del método progresivo-regresivo y la reflexión depuradora. Intentaremos mostrar, en este sentido, la pertinencia de una perspectiva metodológica que llegue a lo singular vivido, atravesado por las múltiples formas de violencia del universo social que producen situaciones traumáticas, así como las posibilidades de metamorfosis del proyecto existencial. En nuestro comentario final, destacamos los desafíos de una práctica clínica en el abordaje de la dialéctica entre el universo social, en el que aumentan las formas de violencia, y la singularidad del proyecto existencial en la lucha contra sus determinaciones y deseoso por transformarse. (AU)

Oral cancer and dentists in Primary Care: difficulties, behavior and expectation in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer affects thousands of people around the world, and the later the diagnosis is performed, the worse are prognosis and survival. In Brazil, primary care is the preferred gateway to the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]) and has an important role in the coordination of and responsibility for user's care. The objective of this study is to evaluate the service flow of users with suspicion of oral cancer in Primary Care and also the dentist's perception regarding the diagnosis of oral cancer in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: It is a quantitative-qualitative study, where 374 questionnaires were applied and 17 interviews were conducted with primary care dentists. RESULTS: It was shown that professionals are aware of the role of Primary Care and also know their importance and need on referral network. CONCLUSIONS: There are barriers that are imposed by the health network, that create difficulties to guarantee their fully professional exercises, with loss of health care tracking on the health care system.

Acesso e cobertura populacional à saúde bucal após a implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal "Brasil Sorridente" / Access and oral health population coverage after implementation of the National Oral Health Policy "Smiling Brazil" / Acceso y cobertura de la salud oral después de la implementación de la Política Nacional de Salud Oral "Brasil Sonriente"

O objetivo foi analisar a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal, na perspectiva do acesso e cobertura das ações desenvolvidas na odontologia do Sistema Único de Saúde, entre 2002 e 2016. A partir do quadro conceitual da Organização Mundial da Saúde, que se divide em blocos para garantir acesso, cobertura e qualidade dos sistemas de saúde, foi realizado um estudo de caso do Brasil Sorridente referentes à implantação e financiamento das equipes. O bloco "força de trabalho" revelou um crescimento superior a 470% no número de equipes de saúde bucal no Brasil; no bloco "financiamento" fica evidente o grande aporte financeiro destinado à política, com ênfase ao papel indutor deste processo nos municípios; o bloco "tecnologia" evidenciou o incremento tecnológico para viabilizar os serviços de saúde bucal em todo o Brasil; já no bloco "disponibilidade dos serviços de saúde" observa-se uma ampliação de 4% na atenção básica e os serviços especializados essas porcentagens ultrapassam os 200% entre 2001 e 2015, finalmente, no bloco "acesso e cobertura" foi possível verificar o aumento de cobertura populacional de 9% para 43% no Brasil. Os dados apontam que a política permitiu um avanço referente aos blocos estruturantes do framework e melhorou o acesso e a cobertura em saúde bucal. (AU)

The objective was to analyze the National Oral Health Policy, from the perspective of access and coverage of dentistry actions in the Unified Health System, between 2002 and 2016. Based on the World Health Organization conceptual framework, which is divided into blocks to guarantee access, coverage and quality of health systems, a case study was carried out in the Smiling Brazil considering the implementation and financing. As a result, the "workforce" block revealed a growth rate superior than 470% in the number of oral health teams in Brazil. In the "financing" block, the great financial support to the policy is evident, with emphasis on the role of this process in the municipalities. The "technology" block evidenced the technological increase to make oral health services viable in Brazil. Furthermore, in the block "availability of health services" was observed an increase of 4% in primary care. On the other hand, between 2001 and 2015, in the specialized services this percentage exceed 200%. Finally, in the block "access and coverage" was possible to verify the increase of population coverage from 9% to 43% in Brazil. The data indicate that the policy allowed an advance regarding the framework structuring blocks, as well as improved the access and coverage in oral health. (AU)

El objetivo fue analizar la Política Nacional de Salud Oral, desde la perspectiva de acceso y cobertura de las acciones desarrolladas en la odontología del Sistema Único de Salud, entre 2002 y 2016. Desde el marco conceptual de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que se divide en bloques para garantizar el acceso, la cobertura y la calidad de los sistemas de salud, se realizó un estudio de caso de Smiling Brazil sobre la implementación y el financiamiento de los equipos. El bloque de "fuerza laboral" reveló un crecimiento de más del 470% en el número de equipos de salud bucal en Brasil; En el bloque de "financiamiento", la gran contribución financiera a la política es evidente, con énfasis en el papel inductivo de este proceso en los municipios; el bloque "tecnología" evidenció el aumento tecnológico para habilitar los servicios de salud bucal en todo Brasil; En el bloque "disponibilidad de servicios de salud" hay un aumento del 4% en atención primaria y servicios especializados, estos porcentajes superan el 200% entre 2001 y 2015, finalmente, en el bloque "acceso y cobertura" fue posible verificar el aumento Cobertura poblacional del 9% al 43% en Brasil. Los datos indican que la política permitió un avance con respecto a los componentes básicos del marco y un mejor acceso y cobertura en salud bucal. (AU)

A COVID-19 na América Latina e suas repercussões para a odontologia

[Extract]. Diante do novo coronavírus, se observa pouca ou nenhuma discussão sobre a saúde bucal em tempos de COVID-19. Entre os profissionais que mais se expõem aos aerossóis, principal rota de transmissão do vírus, estão o dentista e sua equipe. Além disso, o dentista está, invariavelmente, em contato com a saliva, responsável por boa parte das infecções. Devido ao alto risco de exposição ao coronavírus pelos dentistas, é urgente que se estabeleçam medidas seguras de trabalho, considerando a viabilidade dos sistemas de saúde e a preservação da saúde de pacientes e profissionais. Levando em conta esses aspectos, e cumprindo a missão de dar visibilidade às ações de saúde pública e de saúde bucal em países latinos, os pesquisadores do Observatório Iberoamericano de Políticas Públicas em Saúde Bucal organizaram em seu site um espaço todo dedicado ao coronavírus (https://sites.usp.br/iberoamericanoralhealth/). No site, disponível nos idiomas inglês, português, espanhol e francês, o leitor tem acesso a recomendações informadas pelas melhores evidências, compiladas pelo grupo de pesquisadores, por formuladores de políticas e por outros stakeholders, para orientar o funcionamento dos serviços de odontologia durante os momentos mais agudos da pandemia. As informações sobre as ações governamentais que estão sendo realizados são organizadas por país, destacando-se as características específicas de como estão funcionando as quarentenas e as restrições de circulação de pessoas. Juntamente com protocolos de atendimento odontológico e boletins epidemiológicos, todo o material pode ser acessado de forma rápida, intuitiva e organizada.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of undergraduate students concerning Regenerative Endodontics.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of the students are important for the Tissue Engineering in Endodontic practice. The opinion of these future dentists would ultimately will decide the endurance of REPs as routine procedures in endodontic practice. The aim of this study was to perform a survey to identify the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of undergraduate students about regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). METHODS: The questionnaire was obtained after cross-cultural adaptation of a questionnaire previously applied in USA and was applied to two hundred forty-eight undergraduates. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Most of the students (82.9%) agreed that regenerative therapy should be incorporated to dentistry and 87.5% of them believed that stem cells banks would be useful for the tissue regeneration. Most participants (58.1%) would like to obtain an internship/tutoring that addresses REPs and 80.8% of participants think that the major obstacle to a patient accepting a REP was the expected high cost of the treatment. The freshmen students were more optimistic about offering stem cell treatments to their patients (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The undergraduates were very optimistic about the future of REPs, stem cell banking, and tissue engineering. Although seniors demonstrated less enthusiasm towards REPs than the freshman, most students are willing to recommend these treatments to their patients.

Admission of dentist in Brazilian Universal Health System (SUS): a priority agenda for the strengthening of Smiling Brazil. / Mecanismos de ingresso de dentistas no SUS: uma agenda prioritária para o fortalecimento do Brasil Sorridente.

This article aims at: i) describing and analyzing the expansion of dental care in the Unified Health System (SUS); ii) Identifying and analyzing the characteristics of hiring dentists' in the public service; iii) characterizing public vacancies, their duties and remuneration. In this descriptive case study, databases of the Ministry of Health were consulted and public tender notices. The findings indicate that 48% of the dentists enrolled in the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES) perform care in the SUS, in 13 years there was an increase of 118% of the municipalities with oral health teams (eSB) implanted. The population coverage estimated by eSB increased by 10.46% between the years 2007 and 2015. The main mechanism for joining the Dental Specialties Centers (CEO) was the public tender. Primary care salaries ranged from 1.05 to 12.67 Brazilian minimum wages, to 40-hour weekly jobs, and to CEOs from 3.35 to 7.05. It is concluded that, among other measures, the planning of HRH strategies is necessary. The continuity of successes regulatory measures of labor contracts and support to local managers enter the agenda of priority actions of oral health policy.

Este artigo objetiva i) descrever e analisar a expansão do provimento de dentistas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); ii) identificar e analisar as características do vínculo trabalhista dos dentistas com o serviço; iii) caracterizar as vagas em concurso público, no que se refere aos requisitos, atribuições e remuneração. Neste estudo de caso, descritivo, foram consultados bancos de dados do Ministério da Saúde e editais de concurso público. Os achados apontam que 48% dos dentistas cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) realizam atendimento no SUS, em 13 anos observou-se um aumento de 118% dos municípios com equipes de saúde bucal (eSB) implantadas. A cobertura populacional estimada pelas eSB aumentou 10,46% entre os anos de 2007 e 2015. O principal mecanismo de ingresso nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) foi o concurso público. O salário na atenção primária variou de 1,05 a 12,67 salários mínimos, para cargos de 40 horas semanais e nos CEOs de 3,35 a 7,05. Conclui-se que é necessário, entre outras medidas, o planejamento de estratégias voltadas aos recursos humanos em saúde. A continuidade dos êxitos alcançados demanda que medidas regulatórias dos contratos de trabalho e apoio aos gestores entrem na agenda das ações da política em saúde bucal.

Mecanismos de ingresso de dentistas no SUS: uma agenda prioritária para o fortalecimento do Brasil Sorridente / Admission of dentist in Brazilian Universal Health System (SUS): a priority agenda for the strengthening of Smiling Brazil

Resumo Este artigo objetiva i) descrever e analisar a expansão do provimento de dentistas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS); ii) identificar e analisar as características do vínculo trabalhista dos dentistas com o serviço; iii) caracterizar as vagas em concurso público, no que se refere aos requisitos, atribuições e remuneração. Neste estudo de caso, descritivo, foram consultados bancos de dados do Ministério da Saúde e editais de concurso público. Os achados apontam que 48% dos dentistas cadastrados no Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) realizam atendimento no SUS, em 13 anos observou-se um aumento de 118% dos municípios com equipes de saúde bucal (eSB) implantadas. A cobertura populacional estimada pelas eSB aumentou 10,46% entre os anos de 2007 e 2015. O principal mecanismo de ingresso nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) foi o concurso público. O salário na atenção primária variou de 1,05 a 12,67 salários mínimos, para cargos de 40 horas semanais e nos CEOs de 3,35 a 7,05. Conclui-se que é necessário, entre outras medidas, o planejamento de estratégias voltadas aos recursos humanos em saúde. A continuidade dos êxitos alcançados demanda que medidas regulatórias dos contratos de trabalho e apoio aos gestores entrem na agenda das ações da política em saúde bucal.

Abstract This article aims at: i) describing and analyzing the expansion of dental care in the Unified Health System (SUS); ii) Identifying and analyzing the characteristics of hiring dentists' in the public service; iii) characterizing public vacancies, their duties and remuneration. In this descriptive case study, databases of the Ministry of Health were consulted and public tender notices. The findings indicate that 48% of the dentists enrolled in the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES) perform care in the SUS, in 13 years there was an increase of 118% of the municipalities with oral health teams (eSB) implanted. The population coverage estimated by eSB increased by 10.46% between the years 2007 and 2015. The main mechanism for joining the Dental Specialties Centers (CEO) was the public tender. Primary care salaries ranged from 1.05 to 12.67 Brazilian minimum wages, to 40-hour weekly jobs, and to CEOs from 3.35 to 7.05. It is concluded that, among other measures, the planning of HRH strategies is necessary. The continuity of successes regulatory measures of labor contracts and support to local managers enter the agenda of priority actions of oral health policy.

O perfil dos estudantes de Odontologia é compatível com o mercado de trabalho no serviço público de saúde brasileiro? / Is the profile of Dental students compatible with the Brazilian public health service?

Pesquisadores ao redor do mundo estudam as expectativas, em curto e longo prazo, dos estudantes de último ano de graduação, a fim de buscar evidências científicas que auxiliem gestores e formuladores de políticas públicas na tomada de decisão e no planejamento de suas ações no que diz respeito aos recursos humanos em saúde. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico dos estudantes do último ano do curso de Odontologia de uma universidade pública brasileira e relacionar suas perspectivas profissionais com características pessoais, familiares e histórico escolar. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e um questionário foi aplicado aos estudantes do último semestre nos anos de 2014, 2015 e 2016 na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Foi realizada a análise descritiva e o teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para examinar a associação entre a intenção de prestar concurso público e migrar para o interior do país e as outras variáveis. A taxa de resposta foi de 82%. Dentre os estudantes da amostra, 76,52% moravam com os pais. A maioria (82%) cursou escola privada e somente 7,95% ingressou no curso por programas de quotas. Quanto às expectativas em relação ao futuro profissional, 70% pretendem trabalhar como autônomo, 61,36% no serviço público e somente 28,7% pretendem trabalhar no ensino. Este foi um estudo exploratório, com os limites descritos na literatura sobre a abordagem metodológica. Entretanto, pesquisas futuras devem avançar nas análises e incorporar metodologias qualitativas a fim de compreender em profundidade fenômenos tais como expectativa profissional, relação do aluno com o Sistema Único de Saúde e mercado de trabalho (AU).

Researchers around the world study the expectations, in the short and long term, of students attending the last year of undergraduate studies in order to seek scientific evidence to assist managers and policy makers in public health service. The objective of this study is to determine the demographic and socioeconomic profile of the students of the last year of a Brazilian public Dentistry university and to relate their professional perspectives with personal, family characteristics. A cross-sectional study was carried out and a questionnaire was applied to students from the last semester of 2014, 2015 and 2016, at University of São Paulo. The response rate was 82%, and 76.52% of the students lived with their parents. Most of them (82%) studied in private schools in the elementary and high school education and only 7.95% entered into university being benefited by the quota programs. Regarding expectations concerning the professional future, 70% intend to work as self-employed professionals, 61.36% in the public service and only 28.7% intend to work in education. This was an exploratory study, with the limits described in the literature on the methodological approach. However, future researches should incorporate qualitative methodologies in order to deeply understand phenomena such as the professional expectation, the student relation with the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and the labor market (AU).

Política nacional de saúde bucal brasileira (Brasil Sorridente): Um resgate da história, aprendizados e futuro / Brazilian national oral health policy (Smiling Brazil): A rescue of history, learning and future / Política nacional de salud bucal brasileña (Brasil Sonriente): Un rescate de la historia, el aprendizaje y el futuro para ser compartidos

Antecedentes: no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (SUS) a atenção básica é ordenadora do cuidado em saúde e representa o eixo estruturante do sistema. Em 2004, quando o Brasil Sorridente (BS) foi criado, o governo federal assumiu um importante papel de indução do crescimento da oferta de serviços de saúde bucal nos municípios e estados, criando linhas de financiamento específicos para criação de novas equipes de saúde bucal, para construção e implantação de centros de atenção secundária (Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas ­ CEO) e terciária dentre outras ações, que fizeram do BS uma rede de atenção à saúde e uma das maiores políticas públicas de saúde bucal do mundo. Objetivo: este artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar parte dessa experiência, a fim de promover reflexão em torno da inserção da saúde bucal nos sistemas de saúde ao redor do mundo, com especial interesse nos países da América Latina. Métodos: este é um estudo de caso do Brasil e as informações apresentadas nesse estudo foram coletas por meio de relatórios governamentais, base de dados secundários, artigos publicados e informantes chave. Resultados e conclusão: a experiência do Brasil vem sendo motivadora e mostrou que, além de necessário é possível inserir a saúde bucal nos sistemas de saúde universais. Porém, após 14 anos e com a instabilidade política atual do país, o futuro do Brasil Sorridente dependerá do compromisso dos formuladores de políticas, a continuidade do engajamento dos diferentes atores envolvidos, objetivos claros e estratégias transparentes e fundamentadas em evidências científicas para alcançá-los.

Background: in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), primary health care coordinates and structures the public health care. In 2004, when the Smiling Brazil (SB) was created, the federal government assumed an important role of inducing the growth of the supply of oral health services in the municipalities and states, creating specific funding lines for the creation of new oral health teams, for the construction and implantation of secondary care centers (Dental Specialties Centers - CEO) and tertiary care (in hospitals), among other actions, that made SB a health care network and one of the largest public health policies in the world. Purpose: this study aims to share part of this experience, in order to promote reflection on the insertion of oral health in public health systems around the world, with special interest in the countries of Latin America. Methods: this is a Brazil case study, the information presented in this study was collected through government reports and databases, published articles and key informants. Results and Conclusion: The experience of Brazil has been motivating and showed that, it is possible to insert oral health in universal public health systems. However, after 14 years and with the current political instability of the country, the future of SB will depend on the commitment of the policymakers, the engagement of the different actors involved, clear objectives and transparent strategies based on scientific evidence.

Antecedentes: en el Sistema Único de Salud del Brasil, la atención básica es ordenadora del cuidado en salud y representa el eje estructurante del sistema. En 2004, cuando se creó Brasil Sonriente, el gobierno federal asumió el papel de inducción del crecimiento de la oferta de servicios de salud bucal en municipios y estados, creando líneas de financiamiento específicas para crear nuevos equipos de salud bucal, construir e implantar centros de atención secundaria (centros de especialidades odontológicas) y terciaria entre otras acciones, que hicieron del programa una red de atención a la salud y una de las mayores políticas públicas de salud bucal del mundo. Objetivo: compartir parte de esa experiencia, a fin de promover reflexión en torno a la inserción de la salud bucodental en los sistemas de salud alrededor del mundo, con especial interés en los países de América Latina. Métodos: este es un estudio de caso de Brasil y las informaciones presentadas en ese estudio fueron recolectadas a través de informes gubernamentales, base de datos secundarios, artículos publicados e informantes clave. Resultados y conclusión: la experiencia de Brasil viene siendo motivadora y mostró que, además de necesario es posible insertar la salud bucal en los sistemas de salud universales. Sin embargo, después de 14 años y con la inestabilidad política actual del país, el futuro de Brasil Sonriente dependerá del compromiso de los formuladores de políticas, la continuidad del compromiso de los diferentes actores involucrados, objetivos claros y estrategias transparentes y fundamentadas en evidencias científicas para alcanzarlos.